{"id":6243,"date":"2014-07-18T11:15:24","date_gmt":"2014-07-18T10:15:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/?p=6243"},"modified":"2019-04-06T00:13:31","modified_gmt":"2019-04-05T23:13:31","slug":"karajan-25th-anniversary-perspectives-music-of-mozart-brahms-strauss-and-wagner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/2014\/07\/18\/karajan-25th-anniversary-perspectives-music-of-mozart-brahms-strauss-and-wagner\/","title":{"rendered":"Karajan 25th Anniversary Perspectives part 2- Music of Mozart, Brahms, Strauss, Strauss and Wagner"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In part 2 of my look back at the work of the still-controversial Herbert von Karajan, who died 25 years ago this week, I share an essay from Warner Classic&#8217;s new box set of music by Mozart, Schubert, Brahms, J and R Strauss and Wagner recorded for EMI. A fascinating collection- some surprises, one complete disaster (guess which one!) and some stunning performances.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s not unusual to hear the emergence of the Historically Informed Performance movement described as a direct reaction against the \u201cexcesses\u201d of Karajan, and his generation\u2019s, interpretations of the Classical and early Romantic repertoire. To be sure, the sound world of Karajan\u2019s Philharmonia and Berlin Philharmonic is relatively far-removed from the leaner textures and tangier timbres of a fine period instrument ensemble, but in many ways, especially in his early career, Karajan\u2019s approach to Mozart, his contemporaries and successors, was not as old-fashioned and heavy-handed as many listeners to these recordings may expect.\u00a0 In these fairly early performances of several Mozart\u2019s 35<sup>th<\/sup> and 39th symphonies, made between 1952 and 1960, Karajan\u2019s tempi in most of Mozart\u2019s fast movements are surprisingly sprightly and the Philharmonia strings play with admirable clarity of articulation and lightness. Although the slow introductions are played quite broadly, the slow movements of both symphonies are played quite flowingly, with and elegant rhythmic lilt.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 120px; height: 240px;\" src=\"http:\/\/rcm-eu.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/cm?lt1=_blank&amp;bc1=000000&amp;IS2=1&amp;bg1=FFFFFF&amp;fc1=000000&amp;lc1=0000FF&amp;t=aviewfromthep-21&amp;o=2&amp;p=8&amp;l=as4&amp;m=amazon&amp;f=ifr&amp;ref=ss_til&amp;asins=B00IRHGY8U\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"width: 120px; height: 240px;\" src=\"\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;OneJS=1&amp;Operation=GetAdHtml&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;source=ss&amp;ref=ss_til&amp;ad_type=product_link&amp;tracking_id=aviewfromthep-20&amp;marketplace=amazon&amp;region=US&amp;placement=B00IRHGY8U&amp;asins=B00IRHGY8U&amp;linkId=ZDJWRBPS3MPXOKJ5&amp;show_border=true&amp;link_opens_in_new_window=true\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><br \/>\n<\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>If Karajan\u2019s Mozart symphonies are surprisingly modern in their approach, his way with the Divertimento K287 and Eine kleine Nachtmusik is decidedly pre-HIP, particularly the opening movement of Eine kleine Nachtmusic, in which every bow stroke seems to have been smoothed and polished as much as acoustically possible. In moments like this, Karajan seems driven to import his gift for seamless legato into music that is clearly written staccato.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-6244\" src=\"http:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Karajan Mozart\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart-1140x1140.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart-570x570.jpg 570w, https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart-380x380.jpg 380w, https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart-285x285.jpg 285w, https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/07\/Karajan-Mozart.jpg 1417w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Karajan\u2019s approach to early Schubert has much in common with the best of his Mozart symphonies, with this 1958 Berlin Philharmonic performance of the Fifth Symphony is played with remarkable lightness of touch and elegance- qualities not always associated with the Karajan\/BPO collaboration.\u00a0 Love it or loathe it, Karajan and the BPO\u2019s performance of Schumann\u2019s Fourth Symphony is much more what we expect from this most famous coupling of conductor and orchestra\u2014the \u00a0slow music is played extremely slowly with an enormous amount of tension, the string sound is weighty and the textures in the louder music are generally massive.\u00a0 Although Karajan\u2019s BPO was about twice the size of Schumann\u2019s orchestra in Dusseldorf, Karajan insisted that no orchestral retouching (other than the occasional doubling of woodwind parts) was necessary in Schumann\u2019s music, and in spite of the Berliner\u2019s massive string section, the wind writing generally comes across with admirable clarity.<\/p>\n<p>Karajan recorded both the Brahms and Beethoven cycles so frequently that it sometimes seemed that as soon as one beautifully produced box set of LPs was released, he and the orchestra would already be hard at work on a remake.\u00a0 In the case of the Brahms symphonies, these early recordings, made with the Philharmonia in the 1950\u2019s, are prized by many collectors, often above the later remakes. The extent to which one prefers these or Karajan\u2019s later versions with the Berlin Philharmonic depends to a large extent on how simpatico the listener is with Karajan\u2019s very distinctive approach to sound and articulation. There\u2019s no question but that each remake came closer to Karajan\u2019s ideal of \u00a0orchestral tone, distinguished by extraordinary depth of string sound and fantastic smoothness of legato playing. However, Karajan\u2019s producer at EMI, Walter Legge, was possibly the only producer Karajan worked with who was possessed of an equally iron will. What sets these early Philharmonia performances of the Brahms symphonies slightly apart from the\u00a0 later BPO ones is a much greater attention to precision of ensemble- something which Karajan was generally willing to sacrifice later in his career in his quest for the perfect sound. \u00a0For many listeners, these early performances integrate many of Karajan\u2019s best qualities as a Brahms interpreter (albeit without the magisterial sound of the BPO to work with) into performances which maintain a greater degree of rhythmic life and clarity of texture than his later remakes.<\/p>\n<p>Karajan\u2019 approach to Bruckner was in many ways distinctly different to that of his contemporary, Eugen Jochum. Jochum\u2019s research led him to believe that Bruckner intended for the performers to use the modification of tempo to underline the structure of the music- hence his tendency to gradually speed up in long developmental passages or dynamic build ups. Karajan\u2019s approach was, right or wrong, more literalistic, tending to keep tempi within a section as solid as granite. His approach is often described as both austere and monumental, and could be incredibly effective- especially when the huge sound of the Karajan-era BPO was deployed on Bruckner\u2019s later works<\/p>\n<p>Karajan\u2019s lifelong fascination with Wagner reached its culmination in the founding of the Salzburg Easter Festival. Karajan\u2019s stagings of the complete Wagner operas were often controversial- many critics objected to his productions, which were often directed by Karajan himself, while others objected to his preference for more lyrical voices over the more traditional massive Wagnerian voices. In the pit, Karajan insisted the orchestra play like a large-scale chamber ensemble, demanding extreme clarity of texture and lightness of touch when accompanying the singers. However, Karajan was always more than willing to unleash the full weight and power of the BPO\u2019s sound when Wagner\u2019s music calls for it, as in these 1957-1960 recordings of Wagner\u2019s most popular orchestral numbers, with the Berlin Philharmonic produced by Walter Legge.<\/p>\n<p>If Karajan\u2019s Wagner was often controversial, few commentators ever doubted his way with the music of Richard Strauss. As with Brahms, Karajan\u2019s earlier recordings of Strauss with the Philharmonia under the watchful eye of Walter Legge may lack the depth of sound and sheen of legato that his later Berlin Philharmonic performances achieve, but they generally evince a higher level or precision of ensemble and clarity of rhythm. Karajan was never known as a great musical humourist, and his performance of Till Eulenspiegel begins in rather solemn fashion, but what the performance lacks in wit, it makes up for in sheer virtuosity, especially in the later part of the work when the tempi really take flight.\u00a0 Death and Transfiguration, however, was always a work that suited Karajan\u2019s temperament and intensity.<\/p>\n<p>Karajan\u2019s recordings of highlights from the mainstays of Vienese operetta, made with the Philharmonia\u00a0 in the mid-1950\u2019s have never been out of print, and it remained music he conducted with great affection and great attention to detail throughout his long career.\u00a0 This collection offers the listeners the chance to compare the classic 1955 performances of Supp\u00e9\u2019s Light Calvary Overture, Johnann Strauss II\u2019s Titsch-Tratsch Polka and Johan Strauss I\u2019s Radetzky March\u00a0 with those made in 1960 in decidedly more opulent modern sound.\u00a0 A quick check of track timings will show that Karajan\u2019s tempi had all slowed slightly over in the intervening years, but that the orchestra had gained in sonic opulence. So it usually was with this most sound-obsessed of conductors.<\/p>\n<div id=\"wp_fb_like_button\" style=\"margin:5px 0;float:none;height:100px;\"><script src=\"http:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/all.js#xfbml=1\"><\/script><fb:like href=\"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/2014\/07\/18\/karajan-25th-anniversary-perspectives-music-of-mozart-brahms-strauss-and-wagner\/\" send=\"false\" layout=\"box_count\" width=\"450\" show_faces=\"true\" font=\"arial\" action=\"like\" colorscheme=\"light\"><\/fb:like><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In part 2 of my look back at the work of the still-controversial Herbert von Karajan, who died 25 years ago this week, I share an essay from Warner Classic&#8217;s new box set of music by Mozart, Schubert, Brahms, J and R Strauss and Wagner recorded for EMI. A fascinating collection- some surprises, one complete [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6244,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[965,967,189,32,964,98,966,968,963],"class_list":["post-6243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-music-opion-life-as-a-performing-musician","tag-berlin-philharmonic","tag-emi","tag-karajan","tag-mozart","tag-philharmonia","tag-strauss","tag-walter-legge","tag-warner","tag-warner-classics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6243","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6243"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6243\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8437,"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6243\/revisions\/8437"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6243"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kennethwoods.net\/blog1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}